doi: 10.1086/313539, Selden, R., Lee, S., Wang, W. L., Bennett, J. V., and Eickhoff, T. C. (1971). Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. (2005) reported the first French case of CRKP in 2005, an 80-year-old man with prostate cancer and metastasis. doi: 10.1053/jhin.2002.1353, Hammer, C. C., Brainard, J., and Hunter, P. R. (2018). [18][19][20], It is originated from Asia, having a high mortality rate among the population. Z191100001119021), and the Chinese PLA General Hospital Youth Project (DC; No. The response of the mice postinfection was monitored daily for a period of 15days, by recording the phenotypes of BW and survival. For patients with hospital-acquired K. pneumonia, appropriate antibiotic regimens should be used either alone or in combination for at least 14days, including imipenem, third-generation cephalosporin, quinolones, or aminoglycosides (Qureshi, 2015). Emergence of carbapenem-resistant hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae.
Microbiology and pathogenesis of Klebsiella pneumoniae The genetic traits that lead to this pathotype are included in a large virulence plasmid and potentially on additional conjugative elements. 53, 50465054. doi: 10.1093/cid/cit278, Burgner, D., Jamieson, S. E., and Blackwell, J. M. (2006). Background Klebsiella pneumoniae can infect a variety of sites, with the risk of infection being higher in the immunocompromised state such as diabetes mellitus. CRE can be difficult to detect because some strains that harbor blakpc have minimum inhibitory concentrations that are elevated, but still within the susceptible range for carbapenems. Hum. 2023 Apr;177:106026. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106026. The Kprl1 QTL also contains Ctnnal1, catenin -like 1, a gene that plays a central role in cell adhesion processes and captures bacterial molecules to eliminate them. The epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: the impact and evolution of a global menace. Intern. (2003). Antimicrob. Global spread of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. (1998). doi: 10.3201/eid0702.010217, Podschun, R., Pietsch, S., Hller, C., and Ullmann, U. doi: 10.1086/432001, Diago-Navarro, E., Calatayud-Baselga, I., Sun, D., Khairallah, C., Mann, I., Ulacia-Hernando, A., et al. Alcoholics are also particularly susceptible to Klebsiella pneumonia, constituting about half the patients dying of Klebsiella infection.78 Others at particular risk are the elderly and diabetics. Yao, H., Qin, S., Chen, S., Shen, J., and Du, X.-D. (2018). phenotypes? 9.41C). (2002).
Klebsiella Pneumonia - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf 53, 9196.
Gas6 ameliorates intestinal mucosal immunosenescence to doi: 10.2174/1874285801105010107, Virgincar, N., Iyer, S., Stacey, A., Maharjan, S., Pike, R., Perry, C., et al. Tietjen, L., Bossemeyer, D., and Mcintosh, N. (2003). [44] Resistance to phages is not likely to be as troublesome as to antibiotics as new infectious phages are likely to be available in environmental reservoirs. Microbiol. Here, we highlight the epidemiology, risk factors, and control strategies against K. pneumoniae infections to highlight the grave risk posed by this pathogen and currently available options to treat Klebsiella-associated diseases. All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Nosocomial Klebsiella infections: intestinal colonization as a reservoir. Rapidly fatal outcome of bacteremic Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia in alcoholics. Infections produced by Klebsiella pneumoniae are relatively rare, and hospital settings have the the highest prevalence of cases. O'Grady, N. P., Alexander, M., Dellinger, E. P., Gerberding, J. L., Heard, S. O., Maki, D. G., et al. Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V. or its licensors or contributors. Multiple antibiotic-resistant (MAR) klebsiella has been isolated from meningitis in Macaca mulatta (rhesus macaques) (Fox and Rohovsky, 1975). Diagn. Dis. Infection produces hemorrhagic necrosis, microabscesses, and cavity formation. Vaccine. Klebsiella pneumonia is a leading cause of nosocomial infection among people of all ages, ranging from infants to older adultsthat is, disease originating in the hospital. Table 1. doi: 10.1001/archinte.1978.03630370033017. [7], The most common condition caused by Klebsiella bacteria outside the hospital is pneumonia, typically in the form of bronchopneumonia and also bronchitis. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2017.1317412. [24], Klebsiella organisms are often resistant to multiple antibiotics. Infect. To prevent the spread of infections, patients also should clean their hands very often, including: K. pneumoniae can be treated with antibiotics if the infections are not drug-resistant. 215, S18S27. Most gram-negative bacilli produce a necrotizing bronchopneumonia with hemorrhage and abscess formation. Kollef, M. H., and Micek, S. T. (2005). The use of antibiotics should be regulated strictly under the guidelines and principles, especially for initial empirical treatment (Guven and Uzun, 2003; Kollef and Micek, 2005). Read our, How to Avoid Hospital-Acquired Infections. [46] The recent 2022 IHME study showed that in 2019 K. pneumoniae was responsible for 790,000 deaths [571,000 - 1,060,000] in all age groups across 11 infectious syndromes. 199, 517519. Liver abscess caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae in diabetic patients. Less commonly, Klebsiella spp. with extensive scarification of necrotic lung. The abundant mucoid coat of the klebsiellae gives the pneumonic lesions a distinctively slimy appearance and feel. 9.41B) and GMS by virtue of their capsules. An example of a niche would be soil, often considered a hotspot for gene transfer. (2017). 2022. Lifesty. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Am. doi: 10.1128/mBio.00091-18, Dorman, M. J., and Short, F. L. (2017). The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). For patients with indwelling devices, specimens should be screened for the presence of bacterial pathogens from relevant sites, such as skin, urine, sputum, and wound secretions (Baron et al., 2013). Pharyngeal flora in ambulatory alcoholic patients: prevalence of gram-negative bacilli. Control. The first case of hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) in each continent. Be sure to tell your healthcare provider if you are allergic to penicillin, as you might not be able to take certain antibiotics. Agents Chemother. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a type of bacteria that lives naturally in our environment, per the hospital. WebKlebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative rod-shaped bacteria, which belongs to a family of bacteria called the Enterobacteriaceae. Klebsiella pneumoniae can cause different types of health care-associated infections, including pneumonia, bloodstream infections, wound or surgical site Antimicrob. Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) has emerged as a major pathogen of international concern due to the increasing incidences of hypervirulent and carbapenem
Klebsiella pneumoniae Giuliano, C., Patel, C. R., and Kale-Pradhan, P. B. [medical citation needed], Hypervirulent (hvKp) is a rather recent K pneumoniae variant that is significantly more virulent than classical K. pneumoniae (cKp). 200, e45e67. 45, 11511161. The bacteria remain susceptible to aminoglycosides and some cephalosporins, and varying degrees of inhibition of the beta-lactamase with clavulanic acid have been reported. Community-acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae can occur outside the hospital setting as community-acquired pneumonia, but this is rare. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2009.03.034, Meents, E. F., and Boyles, T. (2010). If K. pneumoniae enters through a break in your skin, it can infect your skin or soft tissue. Infect. Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. (2014). These cause a distinct appearance on chest X-ray, which is why your healthcare provider may order this imaging as part of the diagnostic process. (2016). 24, e00456e00516. J. Med. Infect. Rhesus and cynomolgus macaques can maintain subclinical infection with the organism as carriers (Burke et al., 2009). Kiseleva BS, Solodova TL, Shliapnikov VN, Sageeva OF. Many of these infections are obtained when a person is in the hospital for some other reason (a nosocomial infection). Underlying disorders and their impact on the host response to infection. Oxidative inactivation of elastase is involved, while LBP helps transfer bacteria cell wall elements to the cells. Improving adherence to hand hygiene practice: a multidisciplinary approach. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped bacillus from the genus Klebsiella and family Enterobacteriaceae (Boone et al., 2001). Klebsiella pneumoniae is a gram-negative, lactose-fermenting, non-motile, aerobic rod-shaped bacterium. Klebsiella can be isolated from the blood, liver, spleen, peritoneal exudate, and cerebrospinal fluid of infected animals. 5, 107113. 138, 18151816. LS, CD, and DZ wrote sections of the manuscript. All authors contributed to the article and approved the submitted version.
of Klebsiella pneumoniae 12:13. doi: 10.1186/1471-2180-12-13, Lindstrom, S., Healey, P., and Chen, S. (1997). You may feel very sick, but it is unlikely that you or your medical team would immediately know that you have an infection associated with this bacteria until after diagnostic testing. Risk factors and prevention strategies. Infect.
Pneumonia Recent studies showed that the prevalence of Klebsiella colonization ranges from 18.8 to 87.7% in Asia and 5 to 35% in Western countries (Lin et al., 2012; Russo and Marr, 2019). Infect. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).