flurprimidol trade names

margin: 0; Established Viburnum odoratissium and V. suspensum hedges were selected for this experiment on the campus of the University of Florida in Gainesville, FL. 3). The half-life of flurprimidol ranges from 119 - 187 days depending on soil type. Topflor Your One-Stop PGR. Flurprimidol and paclobutrazol programs have been shown to reduce fairway populations as much as 70 percent in two years. This could improve growth regulation by making flurprimidol available at the time of water uptake, enabling the initial surge of flurprimidol capable of regulating GA biosynthesis throughout the entire plant. I. Field Crops Res 137:1926, Berry PM, Sterling M, Spink JH, Baker CJ, Sylvester-Bradley R, Mooney SJ, Tams AR, Ennos AR (2004) Understanding and reducing lodging in cereals. Thank you, your email will be added to the mailing list once you click on the link in the confirmation email. Cornell University2023University PrivacyWeb Accessibility Assistance, Lawn Care: The Easiest Steps to an Attractive Environmental Asset, Use Growing Degree Days to Improve Growth Regulator Performance, Spring 2021 webinar series starts March 11, Webinar: Its a data-driven world (Flat curves, rolling balls and twisting feet), Green-Wood Cemetery urban grassland video, Cornell University ShortCUTT Newsletter (Week 10 August 3, 2020), Cornell University ShortCUTT Newsletter (Week 9 July 20, 2020). Plant growth regulator application rates must increase as the average air temperature increases to maintain the same level of growth suppression. In: Hedden P (ed) Annual plant reviews, vol 49, The Gibberellins. Flurprimidol / CUTLESS 10W . Under laboratory conditions, the leaching potential of the compound was determined as low. 2012 and 1 May 2013 at a rate of 0 or 22.5 g/9.3 m2 (which corresponds to 15 lb Cutless G per 1000 ft2). For more information about the substance, you may click one of the links below to take you to the relevant . Trimming (the removal of apical/terminal buds) has been shown to stimulate water uptake and cause the redistribution of carbohydrate reserves to mend injured tissue, promoting new growth (Heyden and Stock, 1996). Flurprimidol was applied at 22.5 g/a.i. Country USA. There are also differences in the maximum growth suppression between greens height turf and fairway height turf for each active. J Plant Physiol 171:373381, Salassi ME, Deliberto MA, Linscombe SD, Wilson CE, Walker TW, McCauley GN, Blouin DC (2013) Impact of harvest lodging on rough rice milling yield and market price. Two flurprimidol application methods, granular and drench, were evaluated against an UTC on two landscaping species, Elaeagnus pungens and Loropetalum chinense. 26 1529 1555, Keever, G.J. Independent of the product used for suppression, application timing is the critical factor that determines the intensity and duration of seedhead suppression. Both have been shown to provide more turf growth suppression than single actives ingredients alone. In: Ferguson L, Grafton-Cardwell EE (eds) Citrus production manual: The Regents of the University of California. Flurprimidol / CUTLESS TREE IMPLANT . 103 Herbicide and PGR Common and Trade Names* Bert McCarty Common Name Trade Name(s) Ethephon -Proxy 2L, Ethephon 2, ProTrim Fenarimol -Rubigan 1AS, Patchwork 0.78G Fenoxaprop -Acclaim Extra 0.94L, 0.57L, Whip 360 Flazasulfuron -Katana 25WG 1, Cucurbit Ultimately, the best results will come from understanding the relationship between your PGR program and turf growth over the course of a growing season. Google Scholar, Barrett JE (1982) Chrysanthemum height control by ancymidol, PP333, and EL-500 dependent on medium composition [growth regulators, pine bark, daminozide]. https://www.extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/fnr/fnr-252-w.pdf. Again it was observed that trimming timing had no significant impact on the visual quality of V. odoratissimum (data not shown). Error bars represent the sem for each treatment (n = 30). Plant Physiol 35:380385, Tschabold EE, Taylor HM, Davenport JD, Hackler RE, Krunkalns EV, Meredith WS (1970) A new plant growth regulator. Error bars represent sem for each treatment (n = 30). 877:365374, Weaver RJ (1958) Effect of gibberellic acid on fruit set and berry enlargement in seedless grapes of Vitis vinifera. Learn more about Institutional subscriptions, Abeles FB, Morgan PW, Saltveit ME (1992) Introduction and historical perspectives. Accessed 26 July 2015, Anonymous (2015) Global Crop Protection Market 2014, Phillips McDougall, Crop Protection & Biotechnology Consultants, Edinburgh (quoted in: Annual Report 2014/2015, German Crop Protection Association, Frankfurt), Arndt FR, Rusch R, Stillfried HV, Hanisch B, Martin WC (1976) SN 49537, a new cotton defoliant. IUPAC Name. More recently, mefluidide has been used primarily for Poa annua seedhead suppression on golf courses. Plant Physiol. The biomass of flurprimidol-treated hedges was not significantly different from the untreated control (Table 1). 5 163 167. ShortCUTT (Cornell University Turfgrass Times), Free download: 56425-91-3 Molecular Formula C 15 H 15 F 3 N 2 O 2 Molecular Structure General Product Information Category In: Macgregor P, Saito Y, Wang R (eds) Plant growth regulators in agriculture. The other significant factor in the use of PGRs is that they exhibit different degrees of regulation depending on the turf species. They usually prioritize herbicide, fungicide, and insecticide programs instead. Flurprimidol / CUTLESS 50W TURF GROWTH REGULATOR . Butterworth Scientific, London, Menzel CM, Le Lagadec MD (2014) Increasing the productivity of avocado orchards using high-density plantings: a review. Flurprimidol reduced shoot regrowth and biomass in both E. pungens and L. chinense. In: McManus MT (ed) Ann Plant Rev, vol 44. Plant Physiol 58:268271, Bocion PF, de Silva WH, Hppi GA, Szkrybalo W (1975) Group of new chemicals with plant growth regulatory activity. 2005 Comparison of flurprimidol to ethephon, paclobutrazol, and uniconazole for hyacinth height control HortTechnology 15 872 874, Norcini, J.G. The shortest plant height was obtained from 2 mg/pot paclobutrazol; plant height was 5.42 cm, 65% shorter than the untreated controls. 1To whom reprint requests should be addressed; e-mail jferrell@ufl.edu. Trade Name CUTLESS TREE IMPLANT Label Indication Conventional Chemical CB RN 735703. Trimming time treatments were 7 DBA, 0 DBA, 7 DAA, 14 DAA, and 21 DAA. Citation: HortScience horts 49, 10; 10.21273/HORTSCI.49.10.1305. Turfgrass growth regulation began as an idea some 50 years ago in an effort to reduce mowing. Publication FNR-252-W, Purdue extension, Purdue University, Purdue. You must set objectives and optimize a PGR program based on your conditions. Br.]. In: Ullmanns encyclopedia of industrial chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, doi:10.1002/14356007.a20_415.pub2, Rademacher W, Graebe JE (1979) Gibberellin A4 produced by Sphaceloma manihoticola, the cause of the superelongation disease of cassava (Manihot esculenta). Flurprimidol is preferred by many ground managers as a result of the uncommon occurrence of overregulation or phytotoxicity (Sterrett and Tworkoski, 1987). Environmental fate: For more information about the substance, you may click one of the links below to take you to the relevant section: Below are the EPA applications/systems, statutes/regulations, or other sources that track or regulate this substance. Plant Growth Regulators | Cornell Turfgrass Program All rights reserved. Active ingredients in Class A PGRs like trinexapac-ethyl (multiple trade names - most commonly known as Primo Maxx) and prohexadione-Ca (trade name: Anuew) provide significantly less Poa annua growth suppression than similar Class B actives like flurprimidol (trade names: Cutless MEC and Cutless 50W) and paclobutrazol (multiple trade names - mos. Monoisotopic mass 312.108551 Da. Crit Rev Plant Sci 19:395447, Fan X, Mattheis JP, Buchanan D (1998) Continuous requirement of ethylene for apple volatile synthesis. Fiziol Rast 37:535541 (in Russian), Global Research Crop Protection, BASF SE, 67114, Limburgerhof, Germany, Austrasse 1, 67117, Limburgerhof, Germany, You can also search for this author in We also have found that 200 GDD applications to mixed bent/Poa greendecreased the Poa annua population from 23% to 16% of the surface. X L-2-Amino-4-(2-aminoethoxy)-trans-3-butenoic acid. ACTIVE INGREDIENT / BIOLOGICS / COMBINATION, https://iaspub.epa.gov/apex/pesticides/f?p=PPLS:8:::::P8_PUID,P8_RINUM:7739,67690-15, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/067690-00015-20200403.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/067690-00015-20101229.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/067690-00015-20081010.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/067690-00015-20040929.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/062719-00155-19940217.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/062719-00155-19900430.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/062719-00155-19900305.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/062719-00155-19890727.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/062719-00155-19890323.pdf, https://www3.epa.gov/pesticides/chem_search/ppls/001471-00171-19890222.pdf. Plant Physiol 95:234237, Grossmann K, Jung J (1984) The influence of new terpenoid analogues of abscisic acid on stomatal movement and leaf senescence. One bottle was applied to each side of the hedge, resulting in a volume of 40 L per 92.9 m2 (1000 ft2). Atypical plant growth regulators act by displaying a local and/or transient phytotoxic effect. Flurprimidol Is Effective at Controlling Height of `Star Gazer As a winter annual weed, annual bluegrass is triggered in the spring to shift emphasis from vegetative growth (leaves, stems, roots) to reproductive growth (flowers that bear seedheads). 2-methyl-1-pyrimidin-5-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propan-1-ol, Gibberellin biosynthesis inhibition (Inhibition of ent-kaurene oxidase, thus interfering with gibberellin biosynthesis), Plant Growth Regulators (Growth Retardants) [1]. It is widely known that PGR applications come with a certain amount of variability because several factors (i.e., rainfall/irrigation, environmental conditions, etc.) Biomass collected from both application methods was compared with the same UTC plots as a percent reduction. In general, plant growth regulators can reduce mowing requirements by 40 to 60 percent without significant reductions in turfgrass quality. Some may be restricted by some states, provinces, or federal agencies. It is possible that flurprimidol alone will not sufficiently regulate certain plant species because of sensitivity or size. US Patent Number 5,518,988, Skoog F (1994) A personal history of cytokinin and plant hormone research. As previously stated, trimming time has no significant effect on the regrowth, biomass, or visual evaluation of V. suspensum. FFTC Book Series No. This was conducted as a qualitative measure of overall hedge appearance. Sumitomo Kagaku 2007-I, 113 (English translation), Shulman Y, Nir G, Fanberstein L, Lavee S (1983) The effect of cyanamide on the release from dormancy of grapevine buds. Flurprimidol applications, in the form of Cutless G, were made 23 Apr. IUPAC Name. S Afric J Enol Viticult 33:198202, Moody K (1986) Role of plant growth regulators in tropical rice cultivation. Acta Hort 884:717724, Rademacher W (2010b) Control of lodging in intense European cereal production. Fenarimol is a type II fungicide that also suppresses annual bluegrass on putting greens. padding: 0; Error bars represent sem for each treatment (n = 30). Acta Hort 842:801804, Harpaz-Saad S, Yoon GM, Mattoo AK, Kieber JJ (2012) The formation of ACC and competition between polyamines and ethylene for SAM 53. Your current browser may not support copying via this button. As mentioned previously, the flurprimidol-treated and untreated hedges were separated in space, as blocks, to avoid overlap in roots between one plot and the next. Google Scholar, Abraham PD (1992) Tapping of Hevea brasiliensis. However, it was determined that application method (granular or drench) had little impact on the efficacy of flurprimidol. Plant Var Seeds 14:171180, Kondo S (2010) Roles of jasmonates in fruit ripening and environmental stress. & Palma, M.A. Given the recent increase in fuel and labor costs, its time to rethink why youre using PGRs and retool your program to maximize their performance. Product Type. Acta Hort 998:93102, Greene DW, Autio WR, Erf JA, Mao ZY (1992) Mode of action of benzyladenine when used as a chemical thinner on apples. The second treatment consisted of a drench method by dissolving an equivalent amount of flurprimidol in water (6 L) and applying it as a drench 30 to 45 cm from the base of each plant. If ease of use is a factor, Legacy or Musketeer are the best options. The five trimming treatments occurred at 7 days before (flurprimidol) application (DBA), 0 DBA, 7 days after application (DAA), 14 DAA, and 21 DAA. J Plant Growth Regul 34. doi:10.1007/s00344-015-9543-4, Kauffmann M, Vorlnder D (1910) ber den Nachweis des Cholins, nebst Beitrgen zur Kenntnis des Trimethylamins. Kyle Briscoe, Ph.D. Technical Development Manager SePRO Corporation, Share this: A letter from your superintendent, Illinois-based golf course owner to receive ASGCA Donald Ross Award, Womens Golf Day attracts record participation, Troon selected to manage 36-hole Charlotte facility, GCSAA launches initiative to address industry labor shortages, GCSAA names Southeast region field staff representative, Troon to operate Highland Park Golf Course, Disease discussion: Protecting the big investment, Time well spent in the Land of the Long White Cloud. Flurprimidol Fungicide Residential Use (Turf, Parks, Schools) 1. Europ J Hort Sci 69:221228, Rademacher W, Spinelli F, Costa G (2006) Prohexadione-Ca: modes of action of a multifunctional plant bioregulator for fruit trees. your institution, http://www.ecpa.eu/files/attachments/R_and_D_study_2013_v1.8_webVersion_Final.pdf, https://www.extension.purdue.edu/extmedia/fnr/fnr-252-w.pdf, http://cotton.ces.ncsu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/2014-Cotton-Information.pdf, https://secure.fera.defra.gov.uk/pusstats/surveys/documents/arable2012.pdf. ADAMA Canada moves forward with lambda-cyhalothrin sales for 2023, Copper formulations' market still underestimated: Chinese self-developed Thiazoles is tapping potential of global market, Mexico: Import of glyphosate drops from 16,500 tons to 8,200 tons, Glyphosate to gain temporarily one year approval in EU without support of qualified majority of Member States, One year extension of EU glyphosate approval failed to pass in the latest meeting, Palmer amaranth in two southern U.S. states now resistant to S-metolachlor, FMC introduces Altacor EVO insect control, new management solution for lepidopteran pests, Paraquat prices rise, pyridine base industry analysis, EU withdraws the approval of SDHI fungicide isopyrazam. Although the shoot regrowth of flurprimidol-treated V. odoratissimum hedges was reduced, the visual quality ratings were not different from the untreated. Wiley-Blackwell, Hoboken, Hedden P, Sponsel VM (2015) A century of gibberellin research. Biomass of Loropetalum chinense treated by a granular or drench flurprimidol application compared with an untreated control [17 weeks after treatment (WAT)] (201213). Annual bluegrass is a shallow-rooted, cool season grass that grows well in spring and fall, but suffers severe summer stress and winter injury. Company SEPRO CORPORATION CAS RN. This method was designed to concentrate flurprimidol in a small area, which should increase plant uptake and translocation efficiency. *Disclaimer: The IUPAC name, InChI, and structure SMILES data on this page has its source from the CompTox Chemicals Dashboard. 2006-2023 Chongqing Stanley Info-tech Co.,Ltd. Because these products primarily affect cell elongation and not division, the number of new cells is only slightly reduced while their ability to elongate is significantly altered. Effect on chrysanthemums and poinsettias. Agriculture and Natural Resources Communication Services, Richmond, pp 215226, Cooke AR, Randall DI (1968) 2-Haloethanephosphonic acids as ethylene releasing agents for the induction of flowering in pineapples. PubMedGoogle Scholar. After approximately 350 GDD the turf entered the rebound phase. The Type II PGRs paclobutrazol and flurprimidol have been shown to be the most effective in reducing annual bluegrass populations over a period of time. Mefluidide is absorbed by the leaves, most effectively at the base of the leaves, and does not move through the plant. Rev. Plant growth regulators are no different than herbicides, insecticides, or fungicides in terms of the importance of application rate. Hedges must be trimmed numerous times to sustain the appearance desired by property owners. The British Crop Protection Council, Farnhem, pp 8388, Kerby TA, Hake K, Keeley M (1986) Cotton fruiting modification with mepiquat chloride. can contribute to carbon allocation and plant growth (Gaussoin et al., 1997). The emergence of unregulated shoots on flurprimidol-treated plants still occurred, affecting the overall visual rating of the hedge. HortScience 17:896897, CAS J Plant Growth Regul 34. doi:10.1007/s00344-015-9546-1, Hedden P, Thomas SG (2012) Gibberellin biosynthesis and its regulation. Flurprimidol Solution 20 5. Following oral administration, excretion follows in the urine and faeces within 48 hours, and more than 30 metabolites have been identified. Trade Name (U.S.) Absorption. In: Dugger P, Richter D (eds) Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conference, 610 January 2003. Biol. If trimming occurs too soon after flurprimidol application, regrowth may occur before the xylem mobile compound can reach the apical buds. This experiment was to determine if a granular or drench application would influence the performance of flurprimidol. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 51:501531, Rademacher W (2004) Recent situation and trends in global plant bioregulator utilization. } One factor known to affect plant growth is the stimulation of carbohydrates reserves through plant trimming (Heyden and Stock, 1996). Previous reports have documented that flurprimidol is an effective PGR used to control the growth of woody plants (Norcini, 1991; Steffens, 1988; Sterrett and Tworkoski, 1987). All chemicals mentioned are for reference only. This level of variability within a treatment made statistical comparisons difficult. Warm-season turf managers are typically trying to manage excessive growth in the summer. The reason for the biomass differences between years is unclear, but shoot regrowth and biomass increased for both Viburnum species in 2013, whereas rainfall was lower for the time period, 2012 (97.0 cm) and 2013 (85.3 cm) (FAWN Database, 201213). However, warm-season managers must also be mindful of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer they apply during the summer. Use these new models to determine best application frequency for PGR use. After a period of time the suppression phase ends and clipping yield increases to a level greater than non- treated turfgrass; the rebound phase. Many plant developmental processes can be actively regulated in cultivated plants, for example, acceleration or delay of seed germination, dormancy breaking in woody perennials, stimulation or reduction of shoot elongation, induction of flowering and fruiting, reduction or increase of fruit set, acceleration or delay of senescence processes including fruit ripening and defoliation. Correspondence to This generally translates into plants with rapid growth, which is likely why flurprimidol did not provide sufficient growth regulation at the applied rate. University of California, Oakland, pp 294304, Kightley S (2001) Lodging control in winter rape. The upkeep of commercial landscapes is a major industry throughout the United States accounting for more than $50 billon in 2007, the largest sector of the green industry (Hodges et al., 2011). .ashs_container div{ Food & Environment Research Agency, York. In: Smith RH (ed) Plant Tissue Culture. Ecotoxicology: III. Some of the following links exit EPA's site Putting greens in northern climates consist of annual types for several years and then almost exclusively perennial types after 15 to 20 years. & Gilliam, C.H. Shoot growth of E. pungens was reduced 4.3% and 13.9% by the granular and drench applications, respectively, but was not significantly different from one another or the UTC. 56425-91-3. Plant Mol. Anonymous 2008 Cutless G, SePRO Corporation, Carmel, IN, Banko, T.J. & Stefani, M.A. Hort-Science 38:937942, Pires MC, Yamanishi OK (2014) Girdling combined with paclobutrazol boosted yield of Bengal lychee in Brazil. Ann Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 44:357384, Riddell JA, Hageman HA, JAnthony CM, Hubbard WL (1962) Retardation of plant growth by a new group of chemicals. Flurprimidol is also one of the most cost effective growth retardants to use as a drench, with recommended application rates in a similar range as uniconazole on most plants . Registered States Application Methods Product Overview Topor Plant Growth Regulator is one of the most versatile PGRs available. CAS A large number of trade names may also exist for products containing a given compound, which may relate to different producers, different formulations or combinations with other active ingredients. Fate in aquatic systems: 10 647 653, Hodges, A.W., Hall, C.R. Adv Agron 84:217271, Beyer EM (1976) A potent inhibitor of ethylene action in plants. Cutless 50W or Cutless MEC tank-mixed with Anuew has become a popular option. The traditional method of seedhead suppression in the spring in northern climates is performed with mefluidide and ethephon. Plant Growth Regul. 1991 Growth and water status of pruned and unpruned woody landscape plants treated with Sumagic (uniconazole), Cutless (flurprimidol), or Atrimmec (dikegulac) Journal of Environmental Horticulture 9 231 235, Rademacher, W. 2000 Growth retardants: Effects of gibberellin biosynthesis and other metabolic pathways Annu. For V. odoratissimum, shoot regrowth was responsive to flurprimidol because significant differences were observed for 2012 and 2013 (Table 1). Company SEPRO CORPORATION CAS RN. & Stock, W.D. Google Scholar, Baker JE, Lieberman M, Anderson JD (1978) Inhibition of ethylene production in fruit slices by a rhizobitoxine analog and free radical scavengers. In: Macgregor P, Saito Y, Wang R (eds) Plant growth regulators in agriculture. Visual assessments were also used to evaluate flurprimidol performance across the entire plot. Praeger Publishers, New York, pp 395444, Marumo S, Katayama M, Komori E, Ozaki Y, Natsume M, Kondo S (1982) Microbial production of abscisic acid by Botrytis cinerea. Sci Hort 19:97105, Sisler EC, Blankenship SM (May 21, 1996). A-Rest, Bonzi, plant growth retardants, Sumagic, Top or SUMMARY. Google Scholar, Garthwaite DG, Hudson S, Barker I, Parrish G, Smith L, Pietravalle S (2013) Arable crops in the United Kingdom 2012. display: flex; Plant Growth Regul 31:101112, Wermann S, Theurillat V, Verzegnassi L, Hofmann J, Kuchenbecker R, Constable A, Delatour T, Stadler RH (2014) N, N-dimethylpiperidinium (mepiquat) Part 2. Contact Us to ask a question, provide feedback, or report a problem. Schweizer Z Obst- Weinbau 2005(7):69, Petracek PD, Silverman FP, Greene DW (2003) A history of commercial plant growth regulators in apple production. 1 0 SePRO N/A . They are represented by plant hormones or their synthetic analogs, by inhibitors of hormone biosynthesis or translocation and by hormone receptor blockers. In: Karssen CM, van Loon LC, Vreugdenhil D (eds) Progress in plant growth regulation. Phillips McDougall, Crop Protection & Biotechnology Consultants, Edinburgh. The use of growth regulators in turf can cause significant reductions in turfgrass quality if not applied at the proper timing and at the proper rate to the proper turfgrass species, much like an herbicide. PubMed Plant Physiol 61:886888, Baker CJ, Sterling M, Berry P (2014) A generalised model of crop lodging. No accumulation potential. Plant Physiol 46:S-19, Van de Poel B, Ceusters J, De Proft MP (2009) Determination of pineapple (Ananas comosus, MD-2 hybrid cultivar) plant maturity, the efficiency of flowering induction agents and the use of activated carbon. Both the granular and drench applications of flurprimidol provided a rating of 8 or more for the 15-week observation period (Table 2). Flurprimidol | FLURPRIMIDOL SOLUTION | Pesticides - Chemrobotics Chemical structure and bioassay. Therefore, only the original and most widely used ones will primarily be used. Data were collected every 2 weeks after the initial trimming and continued until normal plant growth returned. Formulation. 2-methyl-1-pyrimidin-5-yl-1-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]propan-1-ol. Flurprimidol | CUTLESS 10W | Pesticides - Chemrobotics American Society for Horticultural Science 2014, Cutless and atrimmec for controlling growth of woody landscape plants in containers, Florida Automated Weather Network (FAWN) Database, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL. In: Hedden P (ed) Annual plant reviews, vol 49, The Gibberellins. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart, pp 175180, Nakayama I, Miyazawa T, Kobayashi M, Kamiya Y, Abe H, Sakurai A (1990) Effects of a new plant growth regulator prohexadione calcium (BX-112) on shoot elongation caused by exogenously applied gibberellins in rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. J Exp Bot 64:44034419, Greene DW (2010) The development and use of plant bioregulators in tree fruit production. J Plant Growth Regul 27:342352, Carlson RD, Crovetti AJ (1990) Commercial uses of gibberellins and cytokinins and new areas of applied research. 56425-91-3. Flurprimidol / CUTLESS 0.33G PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR - ChemRobotics Gibberellin [gibberellic acid (GA)] biosynthesis inhibition is the most common mechanism of action used today because it has the least potential for phytotoxicity (Graebe, 1987; Rademacher, 2000). Flurprimidol / CUTLESS MEC TURF GROWTH REGULATOR Sci Hort 177:2136, Mitchell JE, Angel CR (1950) Plant-growth-regulating substances obtained from cultures of Fusarium moniliforme. I. No. Academic Press Inc, San Diego, pp 113, Chapter Izv Akad Nauk SSSR Khim Nauk 406:295304 (in Russian, quoted from Chem Abstr 41:7241), Kaminek M (2015) Tracking the story of cytokinin research. Page 4 of 8 . One of the first products used successfully in turf was maleic hydrazide (MH). It closes stomata under moisture stress and counteracts some of the effects of auxins and gibberellins. Shoot growth of E. pungens was reduced 4.3% and 13.9% by the granular and drenches applications (Fig. Data were collected every 2 weeks after the final trimming treatment and continued until normal plant growth returned, 4 to 5 months after the flurprimidol application. Preplant bulb soaks of ancymidol, urprimidol, paclobutra- zol, and uniconazole; foliar sprays of urprimidol; and substrate drenches of urprimidol, paclobutrazol, and uniconazole were compared for height control of 'Prominence' tulips (Tulipa sp.
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